I Hydraulic motor Basic working principle of

1. In view of the pressure oil effect, the unbalanced force of the vane hydraulic motor causes the rotor to form torque. The output torque of the vane type hydraulic motor is related to the displacement of the hydraulic motor and the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hydraulic motor. Its rotation speed is determined by the flow of the input hydraulic motor. Since the hydraulic motor usually needs to be able to rotate forward and backward, the blades of the vane type hydraulic motor should be placed radially. In order to better ensure that there is pressure oil at the blade root from beginning to end, a one-way valve should be installed in the path between the return and pressure oil cavities and the blade root. In order to better ensure that the vane hydraulic motor can start normally after the pressure oil is connected, it is necessary to make the top of the blade and the inner surface of the stator closely contact to ensure excellent sealing performance. Therefore, a preload spring should be installed at the blade root. The vane type hydraulic motor has small volume, small moment of inertia and flexible operation. It can be used in places with high reversing frequency, but the leakage is large, and it is unstable at low speed. For this reason, the vane hydraulic motor is usually used as a place with high rotation speed, small torque and flexible operation requirements.                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Radial plunger hydraulic motor The basic working principle is that when the pressure oil enters the bottom end of the plunger in the cylinder through the window of the fixed oil distribution shaft 4, the plunger protrudes outward, firmly against the inner wall of the stator. Since there is an eccentricity between the stator and the engine cylinder block. At the contact between the plunger and the stator, the counterimpulse force of the stator against the plunger is. The force is decomposed into 2 components. When the oil pressure acting on the bottom end of the plunger is p, the diameter of the plunger is d, and the included angle between the force and each other is X, the force forms a torque on the engine block to make the engine block rotate. The engine cylinder body outputs torque and rotation speed outward by using the transmission shaft connected by the end face. According to the above analysis of the torque forming condition of one plunger, given that there are many plungers acting in the oil pressure area, the torque formed on such plungers will rotate the engine block and output torque. Radial plunger hydraulic motor It is mainly used in the condition of low speed and high torque. 3. Axial plunger motor The axial plunger pump can be used as a hydraulic motor under normal conditions except for valve type flow distribution, That is, the axial piston pump and the axial piston motor are reversible. The basic working principle of the axial piston motor is that the oil distribution plate and swashplate are fixed, and the motor shaft is connected with the engine cylinder block and rotates together. When the pressure oil enters the plunger hole of the engine block through the window of the oil distribution plate, the plunger extends under the action of the pressure oil, and forms a normal reaction force p against the plunger against the swashplate and swashplate, which is decomposed into the axial component force and the vertical component force Q. Q is in balance with the hydraulic pressure on the plunger, and Q makes the plunger form a torque to the center of the engine cylinder block, pulling the motor shaft to rotate counterclockwise. The instantaneous total torque generated by the axial piston motor is pulsating. If the input direction of motor pressure oil is changed, the motor shaft rotates clockwise. The change of swashplate tilt angle a, that is, the change of displacement, not only affects the torque of the motor, but also affects its rotation speed and steering. The greater the inclination of swashplate, the greater the formation torque and the lower the rotation speed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     4． Gear hydraulic motor In order to better meet the requirements of forward and reverse rotation in structure, the gear motor has the same oil inlet and outlet, symmetrical, and independent external oil drain port to lead part of the leaked oil from the bearing out of the housing; In order to reduce the starting friction torque better, rolling bearings are selected; In order to reduce torque better. Tooth ratio of hydraulic motor with pulsating transmission wheel The pump has more teeth. The transmission wheel hydraulic motor has poor dry tightness and low efficiency of rent tolerance. The input oil working pressure cannot be too high, and excessive torque cannot be formed. In addition, the instantaneous rotation speed and torque change with the change of the meshing point, so the transmission wheel hydraulic motor is only applicable to the field of high speed and low torque. It is usually manufactured with dry construction machinery, agricultural machinery and machinery equipment with low demand for torque balance. 2、 The capacity type hydraulic oil pump removes and pressurizes oil by changing the sealing capacity, and the key to the sealing performance of its oil discharge is the change of the capacity of the sealing chamber. Two essential conditions for the working task of the volumetric pump are: (1) Regularly changing the sealing capacity. The sealing capacity will absorb oil when it increases from small to small, and pressure oil when it changes from small to small. (2) There is oil loading equipment. It ensures that when the sealing capacity increases from small to small, it is only connected with the oil suction and transmission pipe; The sealing capacity is only connected with the pressure oil pipeline when it changes from small to small. III Reducer Basic principle of 1 Gear reducer The gear with fewer teeth on the input shaft of the reducer meshes with the transmission wheel on the output shaft to realize the purpose of speed reduction. 2. The worm and worm gear reducer uses the characteristics of the running ratio between the worm and the worm gear to achieve speed reduction.